Lock



March 18 1924. 1,487,307

- F. E. BEST LOCK Filed April 24, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l1 ummm 6 1h11 @3.5, 2 E I fig@ 1,487,307 F. E. BEST LOCK Filed April' 24, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 18', 1924.

j Patented Mar. 18, 1924.'l

dit

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.`

ELLISON BIST, 0Fv SEATTLE, WASHINGTON. ASSIGNOR TO .FRANK E. BEST, INC.,

0F SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, A CORPORATION 0F WASHINGTON.

Locx.

Application led April 24, 1919. Serial No. 292,365.

To all 'whom it may concer/n.:

Be it known that I,FRANK ELLIsoN BEST, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Seattle, in the county of King and State of lVashington, have invented a new and useful Lock, of which they following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in locks: and the objects of my improvements are; first, to provide an adjustable lock with secondary locking mechanism controlling access to the operative mechanism thereof; second, to render said mechanism easily a'ccessible from the front; third, to provide a simple, strong and serviceable lock requiring a key as the only neede'd instrument for assembling and disassembling.

I attain these objects by mechanism illus trated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 shows a horizontal section of the lock taken on line AA, Fig. 5. Fig. 2 shows a vertical section taken on the center line BB of Fig. 5.v Fig. 3 shows a vertical section taken on line CC, Fig 5. Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 2 with the position of certain mechanism changed. Fig. 5 shows a partial front elevation and a partial cross section taken on lines DE, Fig. 3, with pin-tumblers as taken on line FF, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 shows a cross section taken on lines HH, Fig. 3, and GG, Fig. 2. Fig. 7 represents an isometric view of the lock with the inside core removed from the outer casing. Fig. 8 shows an enlarged cross section of rider 4 and the related parts. Fig. 9 is an enlarged view ot a tumbler pin, showing a figure stamped thereon indicative of its length. l

Similar letters and gures refer to the same or similar parts throughout the several views.

The lock consists of an outer shell 1, (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7), and a core consisting of the remaining parts represented by the right hand unit, Fig. 7.

The outer shell 1 is provided with the usual means of securing la lock of this type in place, namely, first, a threaded portion 19 for screwing said casing into some other unit of mechanism' second, longitudinal grooves 20 into which the point of a screw may be inserted to prevent said casing from working loose; third, longitudinal tapped holes 21, (see Fig. 3, in which the holes are shown in dotted lines, and Fig. 6), for

3, 4, 5, 6 and 7), housing the key cylinder 3,. and carrying a rider 4, (Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 8)'.

Key cylinder 3 is mortised for, and carries throw bar 5, (Fi s. l1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 which secures said rey cylinderin place and which can only be inserted or withy drawn when the core is removed from the outer shell, the key and pin-tumblers with-y drawn and the key cylinder inverted from its position as shown in the several views. This permits said throw bar bein inserted upward or withdrawn downwar between the open ends 6, Fig. 6, of the crescent, which shell 2 Jforms at that section.

Rider 4 is tongue and groove adjusted to shell 2, (see Figs. 5, 6 and 8), and is free to move longitudinally thereon when not locked by pin-tumblers 7.

Each pin-tumbler 7 ,Fig. 8, is held down by a spring 16 which, in turn, is secured at the upper end to a centering pin 17 by being sprung into an annular groove 22 therein. @entering pin 17 is riveted to spring clip 15 which is held in place by spring ends 18. The capping device, consisting of parts 15, 16 and 17, may be put in place or removed by taking hold of spring clip 15, with! thumb and finger on projections 23, and

pushing downward or lifting upward respectively, thus spreading spring ends 18 to pass extensions 24 of rider 4. The functions of the centering pin 17 are to facilitate the insertion of, and to give general stability to the capping device, and to limit the upward movement of the pin-tumblers.

Extending outward from the body of rider 4, and integral therewith is pivot 8, (Figs. 1, 3, 5, and 7), upon which is swung lever 9. Projection 12 thereof operates in a hole 13 in shell 2, Figs. 3, 5 and 7. The longitudinal movement of rider 4 relative to shell 2 actuates lever 9 causing catch 10 of said lever to engage in a hole 11 in the outer casing 1 when said casing and shell 2 and rider 4 are positioned as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and release said engagement when positioned as in Fig. 4, in which instance the lever 9 assumes the position shown in Fig. 7 and the dotted position 27 shown in Fig. 3.

Thus it will be seen that when the lock is assembled as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the core cannot be removed from the outer casing 1 without the insertion of key 26 the bittings of which bring the pin-tumblers to a height such that a division between the pins of each pin-tumbler coincides with the lowest surface of the rider 4, thus permitting said longitudinal movement, which is produced by inserting-thumb and nger nails in the annular groove 14 of shell 2 and pulling said shell forward, (see Fig. 4),

thereby disengaging catch 10` from hole 11 vand thus entirely freeing the core from the outer casing, so that it can be removed as shown in Fig. 7.

It will be noted that this can be accomplished even though the lock is installed in a door or other object and even without unlocking said lock.

Thus we have two locks in one, one of which we will designate primaryreferring to the usual pin-tumbler and cylinder lockv which has its line of separation at the top of key cylinder 3, the other of which we will designate secondary which is also a pintumbler lock having its line of separation at the bottom of rider 4. It will be noted that both use the same key way and pintumblers, and in this instance, the lines of separation of the two locks are removed a distance slightly greater than the vertical difference between the height of the shallowest and deepest bittings of the key so that no possible division between two pins of a in-tumbler would be able to be aligned with both lines of separation, thus keeping the range of the secondary lock entirely above that of the primary.

It will be apparent that by selecting pins of proper length, the lock may be so adjusted that one or a number of keys may operate either the primary or secondary lock, or one or a number of keys may operate either without operating the other or may operate both when so desired. For instance, in a certain lock, a dozen different keys may operate the primary lock, while the secondary lock is operated only by one key and that one different from any of the said dozen.

Upon removing the core, any pin-tumbler is easily accessible. First, slide rider 4 manually back into its normal position as shown in Fig. 2; second, remove key; third, remove the capping device; and fourth, invert and jar core thus allowing pin-tumblers 7 and balls 25 to fall out.

The pins of the pin-tumblers are to be stamped with numbers indicative of their length as shown, Fig. 9, thus facilitating proper selection.

By having an assortment of these pins,

any desired change can be readily made, and by employing a key stamping machine, a new key to match the lock can readily be obtained also.

This device makes it possiblefor an individual to adjust several locks to operate -by one key thus removing the necessity of carrying a large bunch of keys and laboriously seeking the right one in the dark. It also makes possible changing the lock so that the finder of a lost key or a former tenant cannot operate the lock. It makes desired changes practical, even within a complicated master-keyed series of locks, and without sacrificing the security of any. It rather adds to the security of the lock as access to the tumblers is lock controlled.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America I claim:

1. A. pin tumbler lock comprising a case, a face element on said case, a core contained in said case, key operable means for releasably retaining said core in said case, a face provided on said core which forms with the face element of the case, the face of the lock.

2. In a pin tumbler lock, a pin tumbler barrel having tumbler apertures, an individual capping device for each pin tumbler aperture enfolding said pin tumbler barrel on a plurality of sides.

3. In a pin tumbler lock, a core rider having a plurality of barrels therein for pin tumblers and having grooves in its opposite side faces, individual capping devices for the barrels comprising plates adapted to over-lie the rider and to close the ends of the barrels, and having downwardly' and inwardly turned end portions seated yieldably within said grooves.

4. In a pin tumbler lock, a core rider having a plurality of barrels therein for pin tumblers and having grooves in its opposite Side faces, individual capping devices for the barrels comprising plates adapted to over-liethe rider and to close the ends of the barrels, and having downwardly and inwardly turned end portions seated yieldably within said grooves, centering plugs extendable into the tumbler barrels and tumbler retaining springs fixed to said centering plugs.

5. In a pin tumbler lock, a core rider having a plurality of pin tumbler barrels open- Aing along one face thereof and having 6. In a pin tumbler lock, a casing, a core, a rider movably mounted on the core and a. latch mounted on the rider for engaging the casing to lock the core within the latter, said latch being movable to disengage the casing by an outward movement of the core relative to the rider.

7. In a pin tumbler lock, a casing, a core removable from the casing, a key plug in the core, a rider movably mounted on the core, key vcontrolled mechanism normally locking the plug and rider against movement-relative to the core and operable to release the core for movement relative to the rider, and a latch device on the rider engageable with the casing to normall prevent removal of the core and releasab e b outward movement of the core after the atter has been released from the rider.

8. In a pin tumbler lock, a case having a hole therein, a core removably mounted within the case, and provided with a hole, a key plug rotatable in-the core, a ridermovably mounted on the core, key actuated lockl ing mechanism normally preventing rotation of the plug and relative movement of the rider and core, a latch pivotally mounted on the rider having a hooked end extendable within the casing hole to retain the core therein and having an actuating arm extending within the core hole whereby outward movement of the core, after being released from the rider, will unseat the hooked end of the latch from the casing and permit removal of the core and rider.

9. In a pin tumbler lock, a core having an extension at its inner end, a key plug rotatable in the core and having a mortise therethrough, a throw bar mounted within the mortise for retaining the plug within the core and to be retained within the plug when in normal position by engagement of a part thereof with the core extension, said bar having an opening therethrough for receiving the end of a key applied to the plug and to be held by the key against removal when the plug is rotated to a position in, which the bar is disengaged from the core extension.

Signed this 19th day of April, 1919, Seattle, county of King and State of Washington.

FRANK ELLISON BEST.- Witnesses:

S. E. IILnlimvG,V VICTOR BUCHANAN. 

